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  1. 1778
    The first U.S. treaty with an American Indian tribe is ratified
    The Continental Congress, a governing body formed during the American Revolution, made up of delegates ...
  2. 1779
    Future Hawaiian king meets British explorer
    Kamehameha, the 25-year-old future monarch of Hawai‘i and nephew of King Kalani‘opu‘u of the Big Island ...
  3. 1780
    Smallpox epidemics strike Mexico and the Great Plains
    For two years, smallpox spreads from Mexico north and throughout the Great Plains, killing many members ...
  4. 1783
    The Peace of Paris ignores Native peoples’ rights
    The Peace of Paris, the set of treaties (Treaty of Paris and the Treaties of Versailles, 1783) that end ...
  5. 1784
    Russian fur traders massacre Sugpiaq on Kodiak Island
    Russian fur traders, led by Grigorii Shelikhov, overwhelm the Sugpiaq (Yup’ik, Alutiiq) in a bloody massacre ...
  6. 1787
    Congress can regulate trade with Indian tribes
    The Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8, permits Congress to make all laws ...
  7. 1789
    The Northwest Ordinance guarantees tribal land rights
    Congress ratifies the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, creating the first organized territory of the United ...
  8. 1790s
    Indian nations unite to fight American expansion
    The United Indian Nations of the Old Northwest fight the establishment of military forts and settlements ...
  9. 1794
    Battle of Fallen Timbers opens Northwest Territory to settlement
    President George Washington assigns General “Mad” Anthony Wayne to build several forts between the Ohio ...
  10. 1794
    Russian missionaries come to Kodiak, Alaska
    The first Russian Orthodox missionaries arrive at Kodiak and begin trying to convert the Sugpiaq (Yup’ ...
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