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1846 U.S and Britain set 49th Parallel as U.S.–Canada border The U.S. negotiates with Britain to end a Canadian border dispute. Tribes are not consulted as the 49th ... |
1851 Congress creates reservations to manage Native peoples The U.S. Congress passes the Indian Appropriations Act, creating the reservation system. The government ... |
1861–65 Tribes react to the American Civil War Although most Indian tribes remain neutral in the conflict, some American Indians join Union or Confederate ... |
1870 Education promised to tribes is funded Congress earmarks the first federal funds for the education of Indians. Education, like health care, ... |
1872 General Mining Act gives rise to the taking of tribal lands President Ulysses S. Grant signs the General Mining Act into law, allowing individuals and corporations ... |
1887 U.S. subdivides reservation land; sells off surplus Congress passes the General Allotment Act, better known as the Dawes Severalty Act, which divides reservations ... |
1890 Native population plunges In the U.S., Native population falls to an all-time low. The 1890 census records 237,196 Native people— ... |