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1831 The Removal Act affects Choctaw first The Removal Act that President Andrew Jackson pressed through Congress becomes a reality as the Choctaw ... |
1832 Some Seminoles, Creeks evade U.S. forced relocation When the U.S., enforcing the Removal Act, coerces many Seminoles to march to Indian Territory (which ... |
1834 Muscogee Creek are forced out of Alabama The U.S. Department of War forcibly removes the remaining 20,000 Muscogee Creek from Alabama to Indian ... |
1837 Chickasaw are removed to Indian Territory The U.S. Department of War forcibly removes the Chickasaw from Mississippi, Kentucky, Alabama, and Tennessee, ... |
1838 Cherokee die on Trail of Tears The U.S. Department of War forcibly removes approximately 17,000 Cherokee to Indian Territory (which ... |
1846 After the Mexican War, doctors reach western tribes The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends the Mexican War (1846–48) between the U.S. and Mexico. The agreement ... |
1851 Congress creates reservations to manage Native peoples The U.S. Congress passes the Indian Appropriations Act, creating the reservation system. The government ... |
1861–65 Tribes react to the American Civil War Although most Indian tribes remain neutral in the conflict, some American Indians join Union or Confederate ... |
1865 Civil War general Stand Watie, Cherokee, surrenders last The Cherokee chief Stand Watie is the last Confederate general to surrender in the Civil War. Watie’ ... |
1870 Education promised to tribes is funded Congress earmarks the first federal funds for the education of Indians. Education, like health care, ... |