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  1. AD 1493–1550s
    Native peoples begin dying from European diseases
    Diseases unknown to them spread rapidly among Native peoples, who lack immunity to viruses and bacteria ...
  2. AD 1503
    Foreigners come for cod; carry disease to New England
    For generations, teeming schools of codfish support Native peoples along the North Atlantic coast. After ...
  3. AD 1506–18
    Viruses move inland along with French traders
    The Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) and Huron begin exchanging goods with French traders pushing inland from ...
  4. AD 1520–62
    ‘Virgin-soil’ epidemics devastate Native populations
    “Virgin-soil” epidemics sweep through populations with no prior exposure to a particular infectious ...
  5. AD 1616
    Yellow fever kills two-thirds of the Wampanoag
    European traders carry yellow fever to the Wampanoag Nation, located on the Atlantic coast between what ...
  6. AD 1616–19
    Smallpox decimates northeastern Native peoples
    Smallpox infects traders along the coast of what is now known as New England, and the illness spreads ...
  7. AD 1620
    English Pilgrims settle on Wampanoag land
    Pilgrims settle at what is now known as Plymouth, Massachusetts, on Cape Cod near the abandoned village ...
  8. AD 1639
    Smallpox epidemic disrupts the Huron Nation
    Smallpox halves the population of the Huron Indians in what is now known as southern Ontario, Canada, ...
  9. 1721
    Inoculations save some from smallpox
    During a smallpox epidemic in Boston, Dr. Zabdiel Boylston inoculates (purposefuly infects) his son and ...
  10. 1755–56
    Smallpox sweeps through northern British colonies
    Epidemics of smallpox and measles strike in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, and ...
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