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  1. 1829–33
    Northwest tribes tell of smallpox arrival
    Oral histories describe sailors from a ship from Chile handing out gifts to make peace and encourage ...
  2. 1824
    U.S. establishes Office of Indian Affairs in War Department
    Establishment of the Office of Indian Affairs within the War Department puts in place the bureaucracy ...
  3. 1823
    Supreme Court rules American Indians do not own land
    The first of three court cases (the “Marshall Trilogy”) that become the foundation of American Indian ...
  4. 1819
    Congress pays missionaries to ‘civilize’ American Indians
    Congress appropriates $10,000 to pay what it calls people of “good moral character” to help the U.S. eliminate ...
  5. 1818
    First Alaskan hospital opens; does not treat Native peoples
    Physicians go to work in a new hospital in the Russian Alaskan capital city of Sitka, but the doctors ...
  6. 1803
    Congress orders medical care for Native peoples
    The federal government formally assigns the responsibility for providing medical care for Native peoples ...
  7. 1802
    An estimated 150,000 dead at Ne-cha-co-lee, a Chinook city
    The expedition led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark arrives at a Chinook village in Oregon that ...
  8. 1787
    Congress can regulate trade with Indian tribes
    The Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8, permits Congress to make all laws ...
  9. 1780
    Smallpox epidemics strike Mexico and the Great Plains
    For two years, smallpox spreads from Mexico north and throughout the Great Plains, killing many members ...