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  1. 1899
    Henry Crow Dog II is born
    Henry Crow Dog II will become a traditional medicine man of the Lakota. Despite the individual land- ...
  2. 1890
    Native population plunges
    In the U.S., Native population falls to an all-time low. The 1890 census records 237,196 Native people— ...
  3. 1889
    Second Ghost Dance movement widespread among tribes
    Wovoka, a Paiute, leads the second Ghost Dance movement. Like the first, it seeks to bring about the ...
  4. 1887
    U.S. subdivides reservation land; sells off surplus
    Congress passes the General Allotment Act, better known as the Dawes Severalty Act, which divides reservations ...
  5. 1886
    Apache armed resistance ends; Geronimo surrenders
    Goyathlay, a powerful Apache leader, also known as Geronimo, hands his rifle to a U.S. general in surrender. ...
  6. 1876
    Custer defeated; Lakota and Cheyenne prevail
    In the early spring of 1876, a Hunkpapa Lakota chief and holy man known as Sitting Bull (1831-1890) has ...
  7. 1872
    General Mining Act gives rise to the taking of tribal lands
    President Ulysses S. Grant signs the General Mining Act into law, allowing individuals and corporations ...
  8. 1870
    Commercialization, destruction of traditional foods hurt tribes
    Tribes across the West suffer further land loss as settlers, miners, and ranchers move into their territories. ...
  9. 1870
    Education promised to tribes is funded
    Congress earmarks the first federal funds for the education of Indians. Education, like health care, ...
  10. 1870
    First Ghost Dance movement seeks revival of cultures
    The Ghost Dance is a Native spiritual movement of hope and renewal that originates with Wodziwob, a ...
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