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  1. 1917
    More Indians are born than die
    For the first time in 50 years, more Indians are born than die, as federal appropriations for medical ...
  2. 1899
    Henry Crow Dog II is born
    Henry Crow Dog II will become a traditional medicine man of the Lakota. Despite the individual land- ...
  3. 1897
    Indian boarding schools teach manual labor
    Commissioner of Indian Affairs William A. Jones questions the potential of Indian students to compete ...
  4. 1890
    U.S. Cavalry massacres Lakota at Wounded Knee
    The U.S. Army’s 7th Cavalry arrives at Wounded Knee, near Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota, where Big ...
  5. 1890
    Dakota doctor witnesses Wounded Knee aftermath
    Dr. Charles Eastman, a Dakota, hears reports of a battle. Despite a blizzard and Army efforts to delay ...
  6. 1889
    Second Ghost Dance movement widespread among tribes
    Wovoka, a Paiute, leads the second Ghost Dance movement. Like the first, it seeks to bring about the ...
  7. 1889
    Yavapai doctor advocates for Indian self-determination
    The Yavapai doctor Carlos Montezuma (who was named Wassaja, “gathering” or “beckoning,” at birth) graduates ...
  8. 1887
    Indian Affairs Commissioner bans Native languages in schools
    Commissioner of Indian Affairs J. D. C. Atkins first bans instruction in Native languages as well as ...
  9. 1887
    U.S. subdivides reservation land; sells off surplus
    Congress passes the General Allotment Act, better known as the Dawes Severalty Act, which divides reservations ...
  10. 1886
    Apache armed resistance ends; Geronimo surrenders
    Goyathlay, a powerful Apache leader, also known as Geronimo, hands his rifle to a U.S. general in surrender. ...
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